日常要處理許多信件電郵,因而運用英語上不得不留神,以下有一些個人意見,也參考了一些書本,希望大家有所得益。
A. 文法上
1.切忌主客不分或模糊. 例子: Deciding to rescind1 the earlier estimate, our report was updated to include $40,000 for new equipment.” 應改為 Deciding to rescind our earlier estimate, we have updated our report to include $40,000 for new equipment. (We決定呀, 不是report.)
2.句子不要凌碎. 例子: He decided2 not to audit3 the last ten contracts. Because of our previous objections about compliance4. 應該連在一起.
3.結構對稱,令人容易理解. 例子: The owner questioned the occupant's lease intentions and the fact that the contract had been altered with ink markings. 應改為: The owner questioned the occupant's lease intentions and ink alterations5 of the contract.
4.單眾數不要搞亂,不然會好刺眼,看不舒服. 例如: An authorized6 person must show that they have security clearance7.
5.動詞主詞要呼應. 想想這兩個分別: 1.This is one of the public-relations functions that is underbudgeted. 2. This is one of the public-relations functions, which are underbudgeted.
6.時態和語氣不要轉變太多.看商務英語已經是苦事,不要浪費人家的精力啊.
7.標點要準確. 例如: He did not make repairs, however, he continued to monitor the equipment. 改為: He did not make repairs; however, he continued to monitor the equipment.
8.選詞正確. 好像affect和effect, operative和operational等等就要弄清楚才好用啦.
9.拼字正確. 有電腦拼字檢查功能后,就更加不能偷懶.
10.大小寫要注意.非必要不要整個字都是大寫,除非要罵人,:,例如: MUST change to OS immediately. 外國人就覺得不禮貌和喝令人一樣. 要強調的話,用底線,斜字,粗體就可以了.
B. 文體
1.可讀性.對象是大學程度的話,用高中的英文就行,不要以為人人都是語言大師.多用短句(15-20字吧), 技術性的字,就更加要簡單易明.
2.注意段落的開頭.一般來說,重要或強調的事情都放在信件或段落的開頭,而句子就放在最尾. 例如: 1.Because he was unable to attend the meeting personally, he forwarded his congratulations on cassette tape. 2.He forwarded his congratulations on cassette tape because he was unable to attend the meeting personally. 兩者強調的事情就有分別了.
3.輕重有分. 同等重要的用and來連接,較輕放在次要的句子里.
4.意思轉接詞要留神. 例如: but (相反), therefore (結論), also (增添), for example (闡明). 分不清furthermore和moreover就不要用啦.
5.句子開頭不要含糊不清的主詞. 例子: These decisions have been a big disappointment to the committee members. They have delayed further action. They是指什么呀????開頭少用this, that, it, they, 或 which.
6.修飾詞的位置要小心,例如: He could only reimburse8 the cost after July 15. 應為 He could reimburse the cost only after July 15.
7.用語要肯定準確.切忌含糊. 例如:The figures show a significant increase.” 怎樣significant呀,大哥? 改為: The figures show an increase of 19%.
8.立場觀點一致. 少用被動語. 例如: Partial data should be submitted by April. 改為: You should submit partial data by April.就很好了.
C. 格調
1.式樣和句子長度不要太單調. 千篇一律的subject-verb-object會悶死人的.有時短句跟著長句可以化解一下.
2.弱軟的詞(e.g. was, were, is, are...)可以加強一點. 例如: Prunton products are highly effective in ... 改為: Prunton products excel in ...就有力很多了.
3.親切,口語化是比較受歡迎! 用賓詞和主動的詞,讓人家受落. 例如: 1. This information will be sincerely appreciated.” 2. We sincerely appreciate your information. 明顯地,我們會喜歡第2句.
1 rescind SCzyX
v.廢除，取消
參考例句：
They accepted his advice and rescinded the original plan.他們聽從了他的勸告，撤銷了原計劃。
Trade Union leaders have demanded the government rescind the price rise.工會領導已經要求政府阻止價格上漲。
2 decided lvqzZd
adj.決定了的，堅決的；明顯的，明確的
參考例句：
This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.這使他們比對手具有明顯的優勢。
There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英國人和中國人打招呼的方式有很明顯的區別。
3 audit wuGzw
v.審計；查帳；核對；旁聽
參考例句：
Each year they audit our accounts and certify them as being true and fair.他們每年對我們進行賬務審核，以確保其真實無誤。
As usual,the yearly audit will take place in December.跟往常一樣，年度審計將在十二月份進行。
4 compliance ZXyzX
n.順從；服從；附和；屈從
參考例句：
I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我對他竟然依從了這些條件而感到吃驚。
She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她順從他的愿望而放棄自己的主意。
5 alterations c8302d4e0b3c212bc802c7294057f1cb
n.改動( alteration的名詞復數 )；更改；變化；改變
參考例句：
Any alterations should be written in neatly to the left side. 改動部分應書寫清晰，插在正文的左側。 來自《簡明英漢詞典》
Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code. 基因突變是指DNA 密碼的改變。 來自《簡明英漢詞典》
6 authorized jyLzgx
a.委任的，許可的
參考例句：
An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一個行政命令得到一個法規的認可那么這個命令就是有效的。
7 clearance swFzGa
n.凈空；許可(證)；清算；清除，清理
參考例句：
There was a clearance of only ten centimetres between the two walls.兩堵墻之間只有十厘米的空隙。
The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance. 那艘船一辦好離港手續立刻啟航了。
8 reimburse 5Vixt
v.補償，付還
參考例句：
We'll reimburse you for your travelling expenses.我們將付還你旅費。
The funds are supposed to reimburse policyholders in the event of insurer failure.這項基金將在保險公司不能償付的情況下對投保人進行賠付。
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