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四、名詞在句子中的作用

名詞在句子中可以作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語，有時可以作狀語。

名詞、代詞或其他結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上必須與主語保持一致。

1、主語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;主語是復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

All roads lead to Rome.(條條大路通羅馬。)

His brother is an industrial engineer.

The number of the students attending the party is increasing.

★the number of 表示數(shù)量，無論后面名詞是復(fù)數(shù)還是單數(shù)，謂語動詞是單數(shù)形式。

Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me.

★two-thirds 三分之二

幾分之幾作主語，謂語是單數(shù)形式。

belong to 屬于某人

Both of us are studying English.

★總結(jié)：在名詞作主語時，the number of 謂語動詞單數(shù)形式;

幾分之幾，謂語單數(shù)形式;

both 謂語使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

2、主語是不可數(shù)名詞、不定式或動名詞詞組、從句時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

All the money he received was given to his mother.

Forgetting the past means betrayal.

What we are talking now is useless.

3、主語部分若有as well as，with，together with，like，but，except等短語，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)與短語前面的名詞一致。

Mary，as well as her two sisters，is a student of this school.

(as well as her two sisters 作主語Mary的主語補足語，主語 Mary 是單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式)

No one except my friends knows anything about it.

4、表示時間、距離、重量、價值等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，如果當(dāng)作整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

“…+(×)…=…”算式中的謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式。

Three times two is six.

Three kilometers is 3，ooo metres.(three kilometers作為整體來看)

5、Either，neither作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

Neither of us has been to Italy.

Has either of them been to Shanghai?

none代表可數(shù)的人或東西時，謂語動詞可以用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)，代表不可數(shù)的東西時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

None of the students have/has seen the film.

None of the money belongs to me.

6、主語由either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also連接時，謂語形式由最鄰近的主語決定。

Not only you but also I am wrong.

Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon.

Either you or she is to do the work.

7、主語中有and，如果表示單一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

The bread and butter is nice.

8、主語前有many a，more than one修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

Many a book has been read by the students.

★many a book=many books

More than one person has been to the Great Wall.

9、集合名詞作主語，當(dāng)作整體看待時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，當(dāng)作每個獨立的個體看待時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

The committee meets once a year.(作為整體)

The committee are having a meeting now.(作為獨立個體)

People，police作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

The police have come to arrest him.

名詞部分考試重點：

1、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞里，哪幾個詞是不可數(shù)名詞。

2、可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式重點掌握不規(guī)則形式，單、復(fù)數(shù)相同的名詞。

3、名詞所有格重點掌握時間名詞所有格在其后加s，復(fù)數(shù)不加。

4、名詞在句中的作用，重點掌握剛才的9點。